22.2: The priests were known for bullying people who opposed them. Jesus goes beyond mild opposition and speaks of the temple being taken from them. It is little wonder that they want to be rid of Jesus.
22.3: Judas’ attitude and life (he stole from the common purse) open him up to the influence of Satan.
22.5: “delighted” This attitude should alert us to the true heart of the temple authorities. It was considered deeply wrong to kill a fellow Jew, yet these religious leaders are delighted that Jesus will be turned over to them.
22.6: “no crowd was present” It is a totally wrong picture to see all the Jews as joining in the condemnation of Jesus. The crowds love his teaching and leadership. The “trial” of Jesus is done at night when families are celebrating Passover so that few of them know what is happening until Jesus is on the cross.
22.10: Men typically carried water in skins so a man carrying a water jar was an unusual sight.
22.12: “a large upper room” most likely means that Jesus and his disciples eat this Passover in the upper part of Jerusalem where the wealthy lived. The poor would not have the accommodations necessary for such a meal.
22.19: Jesus calls us to remember his sacrifice when we join in the eating of the bread and drinking the cup.
22.21: Table fellowship implied an intimate connection. To betray one you have eaten with would be considered an outrage in the Ancient Near East.
22.22: Jesus makes it clear that it is his choice to give up his life, but still the one who betrays him will be held responsible.
22.24: The disciples show their lack of connection with the words of Jesus by their argument over who was the greatest. They are most likely arguing about who is the greatest disciple. In their mind the others should serve the greatest disciple. What is ironic is that if they were going to be the greatest disciple of Jesus they should be looking at serving, not at being served.
22.25: “benefactors” were people who gave gifts to people and cities in order to raise their own standing.
22.27: If the Rabbi serves so should the disciple.
22.29: As Jesus will be exalted after his service, so will disciples who serve.
22.31: “sift you like wheat” an attempt to show that the faith of the disciples is not real. Note that “you” in this verse is plural.
22.32: “you” in this verse is singular.
22.36: Jesus points out that hard days are coming and his disciples need to be prepared.
22.38: “enough” i.e. enough of talking about swords, I didn’t mean it literally.
John 13.1: While the immediate context seems to show that the way Jesus loves his disciples “to the end” esv or “the full extent of his love” niv is through washing their feet, the words in Greek for this phrase eis telos connect with Jesus’ words on the cross “It is ended” (Greek: tetelestai) or “it is finished”. The connection between these two shows that the greatest loves Christ shows is not through washing their feet, but by dying on the cross. Later Jesus will say to his disciples in John 15.13 Greater love has no one than this, that someone lay down his life for his friends.
13.2: The powerful contrast between those who get what Jesus is about and those who do not is set up here. Judas will have his feet washed, but he will not understand what it means. He will not see that being a member of the kingdom means loving and redeeming sacrifice. Following John’s earlier picture of Judas as one who stole from the moneybag, we see Judas as one who desiret o take and so lose love, rather than give and so receive love and a place in the kingdom.
13.3: John always presents us with a confident, in control of events Jesus. He knows why he has come, what he is to do, and nothing will deter him from his mission.
13.3: The knowledge that he is going back to God give him confidence for what is about to occur. The words remind us of Hebrews 12:1 Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, 2 looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.
13.7: We hear again the theme that after Christ’s death and resurrection that the disciples will come to a greater understanding of the words and actions of Jesus. The fact that Peter doesn’t get it is clear from his reaction.
13.8: Since he washing of his feet prefigures the death of Jesus and his cleansing from sin if Peter does not accept Christ’s action on his behalf, he will not be part of Christ.
13.10: Jesus tells his followers that they don’t need to once again go through the purification ceremonies to take part in the Passover because they have been cleaned when they did their ceremonial washing in the Mikvah (see John 11.55). Their ceremonial washing has made them clean for the meal; Jesus will make them clean (washing their sins away) for eternity.
13.12-17: Jesus lays out the role of a disciple; they are to follow the example of their rabbi. His example is not only one of humble service but of a willingness to sacrifice to the point of dying for the good of others.
13.19: Jesus’ prediction of a future event was a sign that he is God. The words in both the esv and the niv “I am He” mask the Greek, which simply says, “that…you may believe I am”. “I am” connects with God’s Old Testament covenant name.
Jesus gives a powerful example of what life in his kingdom is like—his followers willingly give their lives for each other. How have you given your life for a fellow follower of Jesus?
13:24 – jesus honors Judas, as he is in the 2nd highest place of honor at the table. Peter is in the least…the place of the footwasher.
13.26: For the host to dip a piece and bread and hand it to someone was a way of honoring the person who was given the bread. The depth of the fallenness of Judas is portrayed as the one who honors him is the one whom he betrays. John gives us a picture of a truly despicable person. He steals from the poor, he is selfserving, and he dishonors those who honor him.
13.31-32: Jesus sees both his glory and the glory of the Father flowing from the coming events. This glory will mean that people will honor, worship, and follow the Father and the Son.
13,36-37: Peter is very concerned. The Jesus they have been following for three years is going to leave them. He wants to know why they can’t go with him.
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